The objective of the present study was to develop a colon targeted sustained drug delivery of budesonide for the
treatment of Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Budesonide was a BCS class II drug with low solubility and high permeability.
Budesonide is a potent corticosteroid with high topical anti inflammatory effect and little systemic effect. Tablets were prepared
by wet granulation method using interpolymer complexes (IPC) as binder and coating agent. The IPC were prepared by using
HPMC K15M and avicel pH102. The IPC were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The tablets
coated with CH: SCMXG were evaluated for their micromeritic properties and quality control tests and were found to be within
the acceptable limits. Formulation F12 was proved to be having good drug content, lag time and drug release in the colonic
region when compared to other formulations. Stability studies were carried out for the optimized formulation F12 for a period
of three months at 400C/75%RH. The results indicated that there was no change in physicochemical properties as well as in the
invitro drug release even after the storage period of three months at 400C and 75%RH.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious public health problem in several parts of world, because of its threatening
morbidity and mortality outcome, particularly among children. In India, there are 3 known mosquito vector species widely
present in all the endemic areas. The ecology of JE is a multidimensional issue involving several macro- to- micro level factors
influencing the spatio- temporal dynamics of transmission. There is a need to understand the ecological linkage and interface of
the reservoir (bird) - amplifier (pig) - the vector (mosquito) as a crucial aspect of the biologic route in the maintenance of the
JEV in nature. Risk factor identification based on micro analysis of diverse factors ranging from local ecology to socioeconomic well being of people living in endemic areas, is of utmost importance for JE prevention and control. The scarcity of
specific information and importance of socioeconomic and cultural aspects in relation to JE epidemiology has been emphasized
and reviewed in the article. All these aspects of JE ecosystem have been grossly reviewed highlighting specific areas of interest
for disease prevention/ control programme in order to provoke ecological thinking among various specialists like
epidemiologists, medical entomologists, molecular epidemiologists and public health decision makers.

A new sensitive, accurate, rapid and reproducible HPLC-UV method for determination of dabigatran in spiked human blood plasma was developed and validated. The Analyte Dabigatran and internal standard (promethazine) were extracted with Methyl tert-butyl ether. The chromatographic analysis was performed on a sun fire C18 column (4.6x150mm) 3.5μm using acetonitrile phosphate buffer 40:60 v/v (p H 3.0 OPA) as a mobile phase at a flow rate 1ml/min andthe detection was carried out at 222nm. The linearity range was observed in the concentration range 50-1500ng/ml and the heteroscedasticity was minimized by using weight least squares regression with weight factor 1/x. The inter and intraday % RSD was found to be within limit. Results of recovery studies prove the extraction efficiency. The stability data indicated that dabigatran was stable in plasma after three freeze thaw cycles and room temperature upon storage at -20ºc for 1 month. The proposed method was successfully applied in Bio equivalence studies.